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Creating an Ontology#

An ontology is created in a similar way as a d3web knowledge base using the knowledgebase markup.

%%knowledgebase

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A more detailed description of this markup can be found on the page Doc KnowledgeFormalization.

Creating Ontology Entities within the Local Namespace#

Ontologies in KnowWE are based on the RDF standard (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/). In RDF every resource is identified by a full qualified URI name. For brevity, KnowWE uses shortened identifier such as rdf for http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#. The resource http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type therefore is called rdf:type in KnowWE. Ontology entities newly created within the wiki are created under the so-called local namespace, that is the URL referring to the wiki installation URL. The abbreviation of the local namespace always is lns, i.e. the abbreviated identifier of the local concept Person is lns:Person. When using ontology entities from the local namespace the namespace prefix can entirely be omitted. The following markups can be used to create ontology entities (under local namespace if the namespace prefix is omitted):

• Class
• Individual
• ObjectProperty
• Relation
• Turtle

%%class Person

%%Individual Ms. MoneyPenny

%%relation "Ms. MoneyPenny" rdf:type Person
 

Beside the local namespace, also other namespaces may freely be defined using the Namespace markup. For sparql queries in the SPARQL markup, always a namespace needs to be defined (including lns: for the local namespace) for triple patterns of a query.